Continuing this line of inquiry, is it possible that these alleles hitched a ride with Nefertiti and Charlemagne? Consider the article "The Royal We" in the May 2002 issue of The Atlantic Monthly, mirrored here.
In a 1999 paper titled "Recent Common Ancestors of All Present-Day Individuals," [Joseph] Chang showed how to reconcile the potentially huge number of our ancestors with the quantities of people who actually lived in the past. His model is a mathematical proof that relies on such abstractions as Poisson distributions and Markov chains, but it can readily be applied to the real world. Under the conditions laid out in his paper, the most recent common ancestor of every European today (except for recent immigrants to the Continent) was someone who lived in Europe in the surprisingly recent past—only about 600 years ago...
[Mark] Humphrys's Web page suggests that over many generations mating patterns may be much more random than expected. Social mobility accounts for part of the mixing—what Voltaire called the slippered feet going down the stairs as the hobnailed boots ascend them.
Yet social mobility isn't random per se. There is abundant evidence that the distribution of wealth in a society follows a power law distribution. Combine that with the easily established fact that wealth has long been a criterion in mate selection. It's quite plausible that gene flow would be influenced in a manner analogous to that of scale-free networks.
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